Abbreviations
Executive summary
Introduction
Chapter 1. International and African regional initiatives to combat bribery of public officials in business transactions
-1. Introduction
-2. International initiatives
-3. African regional initiatives
-4. Main trends and areas for further development
Chapter 2. Bribery and related offences
-1. Introduction: Prohibiting bribery of public officials in business transactions
-2. Criminalisation of bribery
-3. Related offences
-4. Main trends and areas for further development
Chapter 3. Prevention, detection, investigation and prosecution of bribery
-1. Introduction
-2. The role of specialised anti-corruption agencies
-3. Whistleblower protection
-4. Disclosure of income and assets of public officials
-5. Fighting bribery in business transactions by improving public procurement
-6. Fighting bribery through the recovery and return of proceeds of corruption
-7. Fighting bribery by making bribery a predicate offence to money laundering
-8. Other mechanisms for preventing and detecting bribery
-9. Investigation and prosecution: specialised anti-corruption agencies with investigative and/or prosecutorial powers
-10. Inter-agency cooperation in the investigation and prosecution of bribery
-11. Statistics
-12. Main trends and areas for further development
Chapter 4. Business integrity
-1. Introduction: The role of business in promoting business integrity and preventing bribery
-2. Accounting and auditing standards
-3. Promotion of standards for corporate integrity
-4. Main trends and areas for further development
Chapter 5. Participation of civil society and the role of the media
-1. Introduction
-2. The role of civil society organisations
-3. The role of the media
-4. Main trends and areas for further development
Chapter 6. Recommendations
-Recommendation I.: Strengthening anti-bribery legislation
-Recommendation II.: Strengthening the effective implementation of anti-bribery and related laws; promote co-operation across agencies; and increasing resources for the investigation and prosecution of bribery of public officials.
-Recommendation III.: Strengthening awareness of anti-bribery laws in government departments, agencies and other institutions
-Recommendation IV.: Strengthening means of detecting and reporting bribery of public officials
-Recommendation V.: Strengthening business integrity and accountability
-Recommendation VI.: Promoting the involvement of the public, civil society and the media
Annexes
-Annex A. Status of ratifications of OECD Anti-Bribery Convention, African Union Anti-Corruption Convention, and UNCAC by the twenty African countries
-Annex B. Details on international and African regional initiatives to combat bribery of public officials
-Annex C. Criminalisation of bribery and public procurement laws: relevant laws and applicable provisions in the twenty African countries
Annex D. The establishment of specialised anti-corruption agencies and other relevant bodies in the twenty African countries
Annex E. Accounting and auditing standards in the twenty African countries