Several OECD countries have taken steps to reduce the amount of cadmium present in soil as a result of the use of phosphate fertilizers. The 24 papers in this publication address a number of issues (health, environmental, economic and trade) pertaining to the use of cadmium-containing fertilizers. They represent a wide range of viewpoints, including those of governments and industry in both OECD and non-OECD countries. Reports are included here from sessions of the OECD Cadmium Workshop held in Sweden, at which participants sought to reach consensus on sources of cadmium inputs to the environment and on actions that could be taken to address national or international problems and concerns.